Where does our soul go right after death?

Right after the death, the soul which is separated from the body, undergoes a ‘particular judgement’. Particular judgment, is the divine judgment that a departed person undergoes immediately after death, in contradistinction to the general judgment (or Last Judgment) of all people at the end of the world. If the departed soul is deprived of sanctifying grace it goes to hell immediately. And if the soul has sanctifying grace, it is bound to heaven. The entry into heaven will be immediate provided the soul has no unremitted temporal punishment and unconfessed venial sins. If yes, the entry is gradual as it has to undergo purification in purgatory in order to sufficiently expiate the defilement of the soul. 

Every sin has two kinds of punishments; an eternal punishment of hell and a temporal punishment. Baptism, confession and the sacrament of sick lifts the eternal punishment. These sacraments bestows a person with sanctifying grace. Temporal punishment may be remitted by prayer, penance, fasting and almsgiving. It can also be remitted through indulgences by the virtue of the merits of communion of saints, or after death in purgatory.  

Those who enter heaven will enjoy beatific vision proportional to their merit.